Lorsqu’un salarié commet une infraction routière au volant d’un véhicule de l’entreprise et n’est pas interpellé, ce qui est le cas, par exemple, lorsqu’il est flashé par un radar pour excès de vitesse, c’est l’employeur qui reçoit l’avis de contravention.
Et, depuis le 1er janvier 2017, dès lors que la carte grise est établie au nom d’une société, l’employeur doit communiquer à l’administration l’identité, l’adresse et la référence du permis de conduire du salarié qui conduisait le véhicule. C’est donc au salarié qu’il appartient de payer l’amende, ce dernier pouvant également perdre des points sur son permis.
Sont concernées, par cette obligation, onze infractions qui peuvent être verbalisées par un radar automatique ou une caméra de surveillance du trafic urbain ou routier :
– le défaut de port de la ceinture de sécurité ;
– l’usage d’un téléphone portable tenu en main par le conducteur ;
– l’usage de voies réservées à certains véhicules (voie de bus, par exemple) ;
– la circulation, l’arrêt ou le stationnement non justifiés sur une bande d’arrêt d’urgence ;
– le non-respect des distances de sécurité ;
– le chevauchement et le franchissement d’une ligne continue ;
– le non-respect d’un stop ou d’un feu rouge ;
– les excès de vitesse ;
– le non-respect des règles de dépassement ;
– le non-respect des espaces réservés aux cyclistes situés juste devant un feu tricolore (appelés « sas vélos ») ;
– le défaut du port d’un casque sur un deux-roues motorisé.
En pratique, cette divulgation s’effectue par lettre recommandée avec accusé de réception (en renvoyant le formulaire joint à l’avis de contravention) ou via le site www.antai.fr dans les 45 jours suivant l’envoi ou la remise de l’avis de contravention.
L’employeur ne peut échapper à l’obligation de dénoncer son salarié que s’il prouve un vol du véhicule, une usurpation de la plaque d’immatriculation ou un autre évènement de force majeure. Pour cela, il doit fournir, par exemple, la copie du récépissé du dépôt de plainte pour vol, la copie de la déclaration de cession du véhicule, etc.
Attention : l’employeur qui ne divulgue pas l’identité de son salarié risque une amende de 750 € au maximum (3 750 € pour une société). Et, le cas échéant, des poursuites pénales pour fausse déclaration.
Article 34, loi n° 2016-1547 du 18 novembre 2016, JO du 19
Décret n° 2016-1955 du 28 décembre 2016, JO du 30
Arrêté du 15 décembre 2016, JO du 22
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